Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressively debilitating neurological condition in which the immune system abnormally erodes the myelin sheath insulating the nerves. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been used in the last decade to safely treat certain immune and inflammatory conditions.

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Currently available treatments for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis(SPMS) have limited efficacy and/or safety concerns. Adipose-mesenchymal derived stem cells(AdMSCs) represent a promising option and can be readily obtained using minimally invasive procedures.

To report on neurophysiological outcomes derived from transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) following autologous mesenchymal stem cells (aMSCs) therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

After 6 months of MSC-IT treatment, CSF levels of NF-L significantly decreased compared to baseline (P = .026). 9 out of 15 patients had a reduction in NF-L levels of over 50% compared to 5 out of 15 in the MSC-IV group and 1 out of 15 in the placebo group (P = .001 for MSC-IT vs. placebo). CXCL13 levels were also reduced but not significantly.

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21 patients had mild injection-related adverse effects, such as fever, and 15 experienced headaches. No major adverse effects were reported during follow-up. MRI showed the possible migration of MSCs in the meninges, subarachnoid space, and spinal cord. The ALSFRS score remained stable, while the EDSS score improved. Immunological analysis indicated an increase in regulatory T cells and a decrease in lymphocyte response. Myeloid dendritic cells also showed changes after MSC transplantation.

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